國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)幕救蝿?wù)就是根據(jù)國(guó)家有關(guān)的方針政策，合理地運(yùn)用各種運(yùn)輸方式和運(yùn)輸工具，多快好省地完成進(jìn)出口貨物的運(yùn)輸任務(wù)，為我國(guó)發(fā)展對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易服務(wù)，為我國(guó)外交活動(dòng)服務(wù)，為我國(guó)的四個(gè)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)服務(wù)。天津國(guó)際貨運(yùn)公司指出，國(guó)際貨運(yùn)公司具體包括以下幾方面內(nèi)容：

　　The basic task of international cargo transportation is to make rational use of various modes and means of transportation according to relevant national policies,complete the transportation task of import and export goods more quickly,better and economically,serve China's development of foreign economy and trade,serve China's diplomatic activities,and serve China's four modernizations.Specifically,it includes the following aspects:

　　（一）按時(shí)、按質(zhì)、按量地完成進(jìn)出口貨物運(yùn)輸

　　（1）Complete the transportation of import and export goods on time,according to quality and quantity

　　國(guó)際貿(mào)易合同簽訂后，只有通過運(yùn)輸，及時(shí)將進(jìn)口貨物運(yùn)進(jìn)來，將出口貨物運(yùn)出去，交到約定地點(diǎn)，商品的流通才能實(shí)現(xiàn)，貿(mào)易合同才能履行?！鞍磿r(shí)”就是根據(jù)貿(mào)易合同的裝運(yùn)期和交貨期的條款的規(guī)定履行合同；“按質(zhì)”就是按照貿(mào)易合同質(zhì)量條款的要求履行合同；“按量”就是盡可能地減少貨損貨差，保證貿(mào)易合同中貨物數(shù)量條款的履行。如果違反了上述合同條款，就構(gòu)成了違約，有可能導(dǎo)致賠償、罰款等嚴(yán)重的法律后果。因此，國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸部門必須重合同、守信用，保證按時(shí)、按質(zhì)、按量完成國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸任務(wù)，保證國(guó)際貿(mào)易合同的履行。

　　After the international trade contract is signed,the circulation of goods can be realized and the trade contract can be performed only by transporting the imported goods in time,transporting the exported goods out and delivering them to the agreed place."On time"means to perform the contract according to the terms of the time of shipment and delivery in the trade contract;"According to quality"is to perform the contract according to the requirements of the quality terms of the trade contract;"According to quantity"is to reduce the damage and difference of goods as much as possible and ensure the performance of the quantity clause in the trade contract.If the above contract terms are violated,it will constitute a breach of contract and may lead to serious legal consequences such as compensation and fines.Therefore,the international cargo transportation department must abide by the contract and keep promise,ensure to complete the international cargo transportation task on time,according to quality and quantity,and ensure the performance of international trade contracts.

　　（二）節(jié)省運(yùn)雜費(fèi)用，為國(guó)家積累建設(shè)資金

　?。?）Save transportation and miscellaneous expenses and accumulate construction funds for the country

　　由于國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸是國(guó)際貿(mào)易的重要組成部分，而且運(yùn)輸?shù)木嚯x長(zhǎng)，環(huán)節(jié)較多，各項(xiàng)運(yùn)雜費(fèi)用開支較大，故節(jié)省運(yùn)雜費(fèi)用的潛力比較大，途徑也多。因此，從事國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)钠髽I(yè)和部門，應(yīng)該不斷地改善經(jīng)營(yíng)管理，節(jié)省運(yùn)雜費(fèi)用，提高企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益，為國(guó)家積累更多的建設(shè)資金。

　　As international cargo transportation is an important part of international trade,with long transportation distance,many links and large transportation and miscellaneous expenses,there is great potential and many ways to save transportation and miscellaneous expenses.Therefore,enterprises and departments engaged in international cargo transportation should constantly improve operation and management,save transportation and miscellaneous expenses,improve the economic and social benefits of enterprises,and accumulate more construction funds for the country.

　　（三）為國(guó)家節(jié)約外匯支出，增加外匯收入

　?。?）Save foreign exchange expenditure and increase foreign exchange income for the state

　　國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸，既然是一種無形的國(guó)際貿(mào)易，它是國(guó)家外匯收入的重要來源之一。國(guó)際貿(mào)易合同在海上運(yùn)輸一般采用CIF和FOB等貿(mào)易術(shù)語成交，按照CIF條件，貨價(jià)內(nèi)包括運(yùn)費(fèi)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)，由賣方派船將貨物運(yùn)至目的港；按照FOB條件，貨價(jià)內(nèi)則不包括運(yùn)費(fèi)和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)，由買方派船到裝貨港裝運(yùn)貨物。為了國(guó)家的利益，出口貨物多爭(zhēng)取CIF件，進(jìn)口貨多爭(zhēng)取FOB交，則可節(jié)省外匯支出，增加外匯收入。而國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸企業(yè)為了國(guó)家利益，首先要依靠國(guó)內(nèi)運(yùn)輸企業(yè)的運(yùn)力和我國(guó)的方便旗船，再考慮我國(guó)的租船、中外合資船公司和僑資班輪的運(yùn)力，再充分調(diào)動(dòng)和利用各方面的運(yùn)力，使貨主企業(yè)同運(yùn)輸企業(yè)有機(jī)地銜接，爭(zhēng)取為國(guó)家節(jié)約外匯支出，創(chuàng)更多的外匯收入。

　　Since international cargo transportation is an invisible international trade,it is one of the important sources of national foreign exchange income.International trade contracts are generally concluded by using CIF,FOB and other trade terms in maritime transportation.According to CIF terms,the price includes freight and insurance premium,and the Seller shall send ships to transport the goods to the port of destination;According to FOB terms,the freight and insurance premium are not included in the price,and the buyer shall send a ship to the loading port to ship the goods.For the interests of the country,more export goods should be delivered CIF and more import goods should be delivered FOB,which can save foreign exchange expenditure and increase foreign exchange income.For the sake of national interests,international cargo transportation enterprises should first rely on the transportation capacity of domestic transportation enterprises and China's flag ships,then consider the transportation capacity of China's charterers,Sino foreign joint venture shipping companies and overseas Chinese funded liners,and then fully mobilize and make use of all aspects of transportation capacity to organically connect the cargo owner enterprises with the transportation enterprises,so as to save foreign exchange expenditure and create more foreign exchange income for the country.

　　（四）認(rèn)真貫徹國(guó)家對(duì)外政策

　　（4）Earnestly implement the national foreign policy

　　國(guó)際貨物運(yùn)輸是國(guó)家涉外活動(dòng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分，它的另一個(gè)任務(wù)就是在平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上，密切配合外交活動(dòng)，在實(shí)際工作中具體體現(xiàn)和切實(shí)貫徹國(guó)家各項(xiàng)對(duì)外政策。

　　International cargo transportation is an important part of the country's foreign-related activities.Its other task is to closely cooperate with diplomatic activities on the basis of equality and mutual benefit,and specifically reflect and effectively implement the country's foreign policies in practical work.